How do the four contingency variables influence organizations' structure? During 1970s, the United States of America was suffering unprecedented social, economic and political instability, with the great impact posed on western society by the crisis of oil, and the changing environment all the industries were facing. Previous management theories, such as scientific management theory, science of behaviour management theory and so on, only focused on how to improve enterprises' internal organizational structure. Furthermore, what the …showed first 75 words of 1872 total…

…showed last 75 words of 1872 total…Lorsch, Jay William. (1967), Organization and environment: Managing differentiation and integration, Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, Boston Robbins, S. P., Bergman, R., Stagg, I., & Coulter, M. (2003) Management, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall, Sydney Woodward, Joan. (1968), Management and technology, H.M.S.O., London Woodward, Joan. (1970), Industrial organization: behaviour and control, Oxford University Press, London Zbar, Vic. (1996), Key management concepts: unlocking 10 of the best management books, Macmillan Education Australia, South Melbourne